TURDIDZ—CHATS. 5 
BLACK CHAT. 
Saxicola leucura (Gme/.) 
Adult Male: Upper and under tail-coverts, basal two- 
thirds of outer tail-feathers and vent, pure white ; plumage other- 
wise deep brownish-black, browner on wings ; bill, irides, brown; 
legs and feet black. Length 6.5 inches; culmen 0°8 ; wing 
2-955 tatli2-75; tarsus: 1°05. 
Adult Female: Similar in general appearance, but much 
browner, and the white parts tinged with buff. 
Young in first plumage: Quills narrowly margined 
with pale brown ; tail-feathers, tipped with white. 
Distribution: Resident in South-western Europe, a few 
also in Spain. 
Habitat: Wild, dry, rocky ravines: strictly a mountain 
bird. 
Genus PRATINCOLA. 
WHINCHAT. Vc 
Pratincola rubetra (Lznz.) 
Adult Male: Feathers above, dark brown, with buff mar- 
gins, those on rump tinged with rufous; wings dark brown, 
narrowly margined with buff; greater coverts black; inner 
wing-coverts and a small patch on spurious wing white; tail 
dark brown ; bases of all outer feathers white ; eve-stripe, chin, 
and line on either side of throat, w/zte; sides of face dark 
brown ; centre of throat and dveast fawn colour, shading into 
pale buff on abdomen ; bill, legs, and feet black ; irides brown ; 
Length 5 inches; culmen 0.4; wing 3; tail 1°95; tarsus 0°85. 
Adult Female: Above duller than male; superciliary- 
stripe dirty yellowish-white ; wings showing only trace of 
whitish tips to some of coverts (purer white in winter) ; be- 
neath dull yellowish-white, flanks washed with rufous. 
Immature Birds: Very like adult females, but the eye- 
stripe less distinct and hardly any white on the wings. 
Distribution : In-summer throughout temperate Europe, 
wintering in Northern Africa. 
Habitat: Bushy hill-sides, commons, or meadows. 
