TURDID4A—REDSTARTS. | 19 
GOULD’S REDSTART. 
Ruticilla ochrura Gwme/. 
Adult: Forehead, nape, back and wing-coverts black or 
greyish-black ; crown dull grey; upper and under tail- 
coverts, tail and abdomen cinnamon-rufous ; central pair of 
tail-feathers having outer webs brown ; wings brown, the second- 
aries having narrow white margins ; throat, breast, under wing- 
coverts and axillaries black; bill and legs nearly black; irides 
brown. Length 5°8 inches ; culmen 0°35 ; wing 3°25; tail 2-4; 
tarsus 0°85. 
Distribution: Rare straggler to the extreme east of 
Europe and Central Asia, breeding in the Caucasus and Asia 
Minor. 
Habitat: Probably like that of 2. phenicurus. 
GULDENSTADT’S REDSTART. 
Ruticilla erythrogastra (Gii/d.) 
Adult Male: Narrow frontal band black; crown, nape, 
and dases of wing quills white ; back, and rest of wings, black ; 
rump, upper tail-coverts and outer tail-feathers deep rufous ; 
central rectrices tinged with brown; entire sides of head, 
chin, and throat black; rest of underparts deep rufous; bill, 
legs, and feet, black ; irides dark brown. Length 7 inches ; 
culmen 0°5 ; wing 4; tail 3°15 ; tarsus 0°8. 
Adult Female: General plumage brownish-ash, darker 
above ; tail-coverts rufous; quills greyish-brown, showing no 
white. Almost equal in size to the male. 
Young in first plumage: Have obscure pale centres 
to feathers both above and beneath. Immature males re- 
semble adult female, but have innermost secondaries and 
wing-coverts tipped with buff; vent and under tail-coverts 
pure white. 
Distribution : Ranges from the Caucasus through Central 
Asia. 
- Habitat: Elevated country in rocky localities—wooded 
stream sides (Dresser). 
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