TURDIDAA—WARBLERS. AI 
brown with pale margins ; second primary longer than fourth ; 
beneath creamy-white, shaded, especially on flanks, with yellow- 
ish-brown ; bill brown, flesh-coloured at base of lower mandible ; 
legs brown; irides brown. Length 5 inches; culmen 04; 
wing 2°65 ; tail 2; tarsus 0°85. 
Adult after Autumn moult: Quills tipped with whitish. 
Young: More rufous above, throat spotted with dark brown. 
Distribution: Breeds throughout most of Europe, being 
found as far east as the valley of the Yenesay and a little north 
of the Arctic Circle. Winters in South Africa. 
Habitat : Thickets, reeds, sedges, &c. 
Genus LUSCINIOLA. 
MOUSTACHED SEDGE WARBLER. 
Lusciniola melanopogon (7Zzmm). 
Adult: Above olive-brown, inclining to chestnut on rump, 
back feathers having dark centres ; head nearly black, more or 
less marked with rufous ; wings and tail dark brown with pale 
edges ; first primary broad and long ; superciliary streak broad 
and distinct, greyish-white ; stripe through the eye, lores and 
ear-coverts dark brown; beneath nearly white, shaded with 
buffish-brown on chest and sides of body ; bill above very dark 
brown, paler below; legs and feet dark brown; irides brown. 
Length 5°25 inches; culmen 0°49; wing 2°2 to 2°3; tail 2°15; 
tarsus 0°85. 
Young: More russet above and less white beneath. 
Distribution: Resident on both shores of the Mediter- 
ranean. 
Habitat : Among reeds and thick sedges. 
Genus LOCUSTELLA. 
GRASSHOPPER WARBLER. 
Locustella nzvia (Lodd.) 
Adult (Summer): Adove greenish-brown, feathers with 
