6 A HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN BIRDS. 
Distribution: Rare straggl@ from Central Asia. 
Habitat: Thinly-wooded plains. 
DARK THRUSH. 
Turdus obscurus Gmel. 
Adult Male: Adove, clivaceous-brown, washed with grey 
on crown and nape; neck and throat dull slate-grey ; wings 
brown, the outer webs washed with olive ; primaries greyish 
edged ; tail brown, outer rectrices tipped with whitish on 
inner webs; ear-coverts, throat, and cheeks, slaty-brown ; 
superciliary stripe white; breast orange-buff ; flanks washed 
with chestnut ; rest of under parts and a patch under the eye 
white; the under tail-coverts marked with brown; axzl/aries 
slaty ; bill dark brown, yellow beneath; legs and feet pale 
brown. Length 7°5 inches; culmen 0°88; wing 4°75; tail 
305 iG ska tSUS 2, 
Adult Female: No grey tint on the crown and nape; 
superciliary stripe pale buff; chin, throat, and sides of neck 
whitish ; on either side of throat a stripe of brown. 
Young: Feathers above, olivaceous, spotted with ochreous, 
and dark-tipped; beneath, white, throat and breast thickly 
spotted with dark brown; flanks dull orange ; yellowish-white 
eye-stripe less distinct than in adult. 
Distribution: A very rare straggler from Eastern Asia. 
Habitat : Fir forests. 
WHITE’S THRUSH. 
Turdus varius Pad/.. 
Adults : Adove, olive brown ; wings brown, bordered with’ 
buff; wing-coverts tipped with buff ; ¢az7(o0f 14 feathers) brown, 
tipped with white, the outer ones darker than the rest; lores 
greyish-white ; beneath, white, tinged on breast with ochreous ; 
axillaries white and black; whole of upper parts broadly 
marked with black, crescent-shaped spots; under parts simi- 
larly marked, faintly so however on chin, abdomen, and under 
ail-coverts ; bill brown, paler beneath ; legs and feet yellowish- 
