66 A HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN BIRDS. 
with greenish hue, lighter on rump; all feathers above the 
rump with darker centres ; wis and tail dark brown with pale 
margins ; outermost rectrices largely white ; superciliary stripe 
buffish-white, distinct ; beneath buff with vinous tinge, shading 
into whitish on centre of abdomen and throat; bill, legs and 
feet blackish ; Azzd claw long and tittle curved ; irides dark 
brown. Length 6 inches; culmen 0°5 ; wing 3°25 to 3'5 ; tail 
25780, 2°68 tarstts;0'S to), r. 
Adult (Winter) : Loses greenish tinge above and becomes. 
more hair brown ; whitish beneath’; throat, chest and abdomen: 
streaked with brown, with no vinons tinge. 
Young: Similar to adult in winter. 
Distribution: Breeds in the High mountain regions of 
Central Europe and in some parts of Spain, occurs in other 
parts of Europe on migration, winters in Northern Africa, Pal- 
estine, &c. 
Habitat : Mountainous districts ; in stony places. 
ROCK PIPPI. vs 
Anthus obscurus (af). 
Adult Male (Summer): Feathers above olivaceous,, 
obscurely streaked with dark brown, less marked on rump ; 
wings and fazl dark brown throughout, the former edged with. 
paler brown and latter with olivaceous ; beneath buffish-yellow ; 
eye-stripe of same colour moderately distinct ; throat, dveas¢ and 
flanks marked and shaded with dark or olive brown ,; bill, legs 
and feet brown ; hind claw much curved ; irides brown. Length 
6 to 6°5 inches; culmeno’s55; wing 3°5; tail 2°65 ; tarsus o’9. 
Adult (Winter): Generally paler; whiter beneath and 
less streaked ; centre of throat unmarked. 
Young in first plumage : Darker bothabove and beneath ;. 
more heavily spotted below except on throat ; spots on back 
more obvious than in adult. 
Distribution: Summer visitant to Northern Europe, win- 
tering in the Central and Southern portions. 
Habitat: Rocky localities, generally on or near the sea 
coast. 
Note.—A vinous-breasted form is sometimes found in Scandinavia. 
