ORIOLID —ORIOLE. 67 
RICHARD’S PIPIT. 
Anthus richardi Mzez//. 
Adult: Feathers of upper parts dark brown, edged with 
yellowish-brown, duller towards tail; superciliary stripe buff, 
distinct ; wings and tail dark brown, former with coverts and 
quills margined with whitish or pale buff; outermost rectrices 
chiefly white; chin, throat and centre of abdomen white ; 
chest, sides of throat and flanks buff, tinged with rufous ; breast 
banded by blackish, lanceolate spots which extend by two lines 
on either side of the throat to the bill, which is dark brown, yel- 
lowish beneath ; legs and feet yellowish brown ; irides brown. 
Length 7:25 to 8 inches; culmen 0°6; wing 3°75; tail 3°25 ; 
tarsus 1'2; hind toe with claw over I inch. 
Young: Similar, but breast more spotted, and some of 
feathers above margined with white. 
Distribution: An inhabitant of Central Asia, occurring 
casually in various parts of Europe during migration. Win- 
ters in Southern Asia and North-eastern Africa. 
Habitat: Damp meadows in elevated regions. 
Family ORIOLIDA. 
Genus ORIOLUS. 
GOLDEN ORIOLE. “ 
Oriolus galbula Zznz. 
Adult Male: Entire ead (except lores which are black) 
upper and under parts bright yellow ; wings black, with an alar 
speculum of yellow, and bastard wing partly yellow; several of 
quills margined and tipped with yellowish-white ; central tail- 
feathers chiefly black, outer tail-feathers broadly tippped with 
yellow ; bill orange-brown ; legs and feet plumbeous; irides 
red. Length 9 to 9‘5 inches; culmen 095 ; wing 6; tail 3°5 ; 
tarsus 0°8. 
Adult Female: Above green, becoming yellower towards 
the tail, which is brown tinged with yellow at base, and tipped 
Ke 
