FRINGILLIDZ—BUNTINGS. 97 
Adult Male (Winter): Has the feathers on the crown 
tipped with brown and those on the rump with greyish ; under 
parts more marked with dusky mottlings. 
Young in first plumage: Have no yellow above. Gen- 
eral colour of upper parts dull olive, marked with blackish ; 
rump almost unmarked ; tips of wing-coverts very pale ; beneath 
greyish-white, streaked with brown. 
Distribution : Resident throughout Europe and in Asia as 
far east as Turkestan. . 
Habitat: Commons, hedge-rows or stackyards. 
CIRL BUNTING. 
Emberiza cirlus Zzzz. 
Adult Male (Summer) : Cvowz and nape olive, streaked 
with dark brown; back and scapulars dull bay, some of 
feathers having dark shaft-lines ; wings dark brown; primaries 
narrowly edged with yellowish, greater wing-coverts and terti- 
aries broadly margined with chestnut ; rectrices dark brown, 
middle pair tinged with rufous; outermost rectrices narrowly 
edged on outer webs with white ; supercifiary stripe, and one 
beneath the eye ye//ow ; line from base of bill through the eye 
to ear-coverts blackish ; sides of neck and chest-band olive ; 
chin and ¢hroat black, with broad patch of yellow on lower 
throat ; below this an irregular band of chestnut ; abdomen 
dull yellow ; flanks dull olive, streaked with brown ; bill lead 
colour ; legs arid feet light brown; irides brown. Length 6 
inches ; culmen 0°35 ; wing 3°15 ; tail 2°8; tarsus 0°7. 
Adult Female (Summer): Crown dull olive, streaked 
with black ; back reddish-brown, also streaked with black ; 
sides of face dull brown; superciliary stripe pale yellow ; 
throat brownish with darker specks ; rest of under parts dull 
yellow, streaked with brown. 
Adult Male (Winter): Generally paler and duller than 
in summer ; black feathers on head and some of wing feathers 
show pale margins. 
Immature birds: Similar to adult female, but show no- 
where any decided yellow, only a suffusion of buff. 
Distribution: Resident in Central and Southern Europe, 
H 
