100 A HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN BIRDS. 
and ear-coverts dark rufous; rest of head and throat pale 
rufous, latter marked with small dark specks on either side ; 
rest of under parts much as in*Male, but chest-band dull grey, 
marked with brown. 
Young Male in first plumage: Above greyish-brown, 
having dark shaft-lines to most of feathers ; innermost second- 
aries and wing-coverts very broadly bordered with fulvous ; 
beneath very pale cinnamon-brown, becoming pale cinnamon 
on under tail-coverts ; chest dull greyish ; sides of throat and 
chest spotted with dusky brown. 
Distribution: Summer visitant to South-eastern Europe, 
occasionally straying as far west as France. Winters in Africa. 
Habitat: Borders of cultivated districts ; barren places. 
PINE BUNTING. 
Emberiza leucocephala Gmed. 
Adult Male (Summer): Crown white, some of feathers 
having dark shaft-lines ; forehead, line through the eye, entire 
throat and sides of throat dark chestnut-brown ; ear-coverts 
white; sides of neck grey ; back rufous, marked with dark 
brown ; xump and upper tail-coverts 77ch day ; primaries grey- 
ish-brown, narrowly margined with whitish; rest of wing 
feathers dark brown and more or less broadly bordered with 
rufous ; lesser coverts ashy-grey; tail-feathers dark greyish- 
brown, edged with fulvous, except two outermost rectrices which 
are chiefly white ; across the chest a band of white; breast and 
flanks rich bay, tinged with white; centre of abdomen white ; 
bill horn-brown, paler and yellower beneath; legs and feet 
pale yellowish-brown ; irides brown. Length 6°6 inches; cul- 
men O14 + wing 3°65 ; tail’ 472; tarsus. o°7: 
Adult Female (Summer): Crown greyish-brown, with 
blackish stripes ; lores and cheeks dirty white, purer on sides. 
of neck ; nape grey, somewhat marked with brown; back and 
scapulars brown, with darker shaft-stripes and mixed with 
rufous ; rump and upper tail-coverts rich bay, unspotted ; lesser 
wing-coverts brown, not ashy-grey ; throat dull white, speckled, 
especially on the sides, with brown ; chest and flanks rufous, 
streaked with reddish-brown. 
