106 A HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN BIRDS. 
Distribution: Summer visitant to the Arctic regions. 
Breeds also in north of agen’ Migrates southward 
through most northern countri@S in Europe, Asia and North 
America in autumn. 
Habitat: Fields, moors, marshy places, bare hill-sides. 
LAPLAND BUNTING. U™ 
Plectrophanes lapponicus (Zznz). 
Adult Male (Summer): Head black, except super- 
ciliary stripe, which is yellowish-white ; colar chestnut; back 
black, the feathers edged with yellowish-brown ; feathers on 
rump broadly edged with buff; primaries blackish-brown, 
with pale margins, innermost secondaries and some of coverts 
more broadly edged with reddish-brown; central tail-feathers 
dark brown, with pale margins, outermost pair externally 
margined with white and having large patch of white on inner 
web ; ¢hroat, upper part of breast and streaks on sides of body 
black ; sides of neck below the chestnut collar white; bill 
yellow, tipped with black ; legs and feet black ; irides brown. 
Length 6:25 inches; culmen 0°45 ; wing 3°75; tail 2°7; tarsus 
O75: 
Adult Female (Summer): Feathers of crown dark 
brown, edged with paler brown ; chestnut collar less apparent, 
the feathers being mottled with dark brown; sides of head 
dull buff, marked with black; chin and throat dull white, 
bordered by line of black spots on either side; band of spots 
also across chest ; rest of plumage as in adult male. 
Adult Male (Winter): Black and chestnut parts mottled 
with dark brown and white; chin almost white. 
Young in Autumn: Very similar to adult females, but 
males show no dark centres to feathers of the nape and 
females little or no black on chest. 
Young in first plumage: Similar but more rufous- 
above, and more marked with brown beneath, upon a buffish 
ground colour. 
Distribution: Breeds throughout the Circumpolar regions 
north of the Arctic Circle. Migrates through Central Europe 
and Asia in autumn. 
Habitat : Marshy moorlands, willow scrub. 
