FALCONIDA—EAGLES. Is 
ol 
Distribution ; Inhabits Southern Europe and Africa, occa- 
sionally straggling into Central Europe. 
Habitat: Forest regions. 
SPOTTED EAGLE. 
Aquila clanga Fal/. 
Adult ; Plumage very dark brown, somewhat glossy above ; 
primaries nearly black ; a few feathers about upper and under 
tail-coverts white ; bill bluish-black ; nostrils round ; cere and 
feet bright yellow ; irides brown. Length 24 to 28 inches ; 
culmen 2°4; wing 19 to 20; tail 11°8; tarsus 4 to 4°45. 
Immature Birds: Copiously spotted on hinder parts 
above with buffish ; secondaries and tail-feathers broadly 
tipped with greyish ; upper tail-coverts chiefly brownish-buff ; 
under parts streaked with tawny-brown ; tarsi dark brown, 
marked with white ; under tail-coverts buffish. 
Distribution: Inhabits Southern Europe and Eastern 
Russia, ranging across Turkestan and Central Asia, occurs also 
in Northern Africa. 
Habitat : Secluded forest regions ; often hunting in more 
open country. 
LESSER SPOTTED EAGLE. 
Aquila nevia (Gel). 
Adult : Plumage dark brown; feathers of head and nape 
bordered with pale brown ; rump marked with pale brown and 
white ; quills and tail very dark brown, the latter tipped with 
pale brown, slightly barred with blackish ; under tail-coverts 
buttish ; bill dark horn-colour; cere and feet yellow ; irides 
yellowish-brown. Length 24 to 28 inches ; culmen 1°75 ; wing 
a5°t0 £o9°25,; tatl.o:25 5. tarsus ‘3745; 
Young : Plumage generally more of a chocolate-brown ; 
crown streaked and nape with large patch of rufous-buff - 
feathers of back and wing-coverts spotted with buffish in 
centre ; tips of secondaries and tail-feathers greyish ; under parts 
streaked in centres of feathers with buffish. 
