FALCONID4:—EAGLES. 157 
white feathers mixed with the brown ones cn breast and tarsi ; 
bill dark horn-blue ; cere and feet yellow ; claws black ; irides 
light brownish-grey. Length 32 to 33 inches ; culmen 3'1 ; 
wing 24°4; tail 13°75; tarsus 4. 
Young Male: “Head, neck, back, scapulars and wing- 
coverts light sandy-brown, here and there intermixed with 
darker brown, and dull rufous feathers ; rump and upper tail- 
coverts pale creamy-rufous:; tail sandy-grey, edged and tipped 
with pale rufous-brown ; primaries dark brown ; secondaries 
dull brown, edged and tipped with creamy-yellow ; under parts 
renerally dull uniform sandy-brown, tinged with rufous ; under 
ail and wing-coverts pale creamy-rufous ” (Dresser). 
Distribution: Resident in Spain, Portugal and North- 
western Africa. ; 
Habitat: Wooded plains. 
IMPERIAL EAGLE. 
Aquila heliaca Savgny. 
Adult: Crown, sides of head and nape creamy-rufous, 
marked conspicuously on centre of crown with brown ; rest of 
plumage darker brown than in 4. adalberti, showing no white 
whatever on shoulders, but only a few white feathers on scapu- 
Jars; abdomen strongly tinged with rufous ; tail and soft parts 
much as in A. adalberti, the former tipped with buff. Length 
30 to 31 inches; culmen 3; wing 22 to 23; tail 11°65 ; tar 
sus 4. 
Young: Feathers of both upper and under parts with 
pale yellowish-brown centres, and secondaries and rectrices 
with broad buffish tips ; none of scapular-feathers white ; chest 
listinctly streaked with fulvous. 
Distribution: Inhabits Southern Europe (except the 
{berian peninsula) Northern Africa, Persia, India and China. 
Habitat: Bare, open country or thin, low jungle. 
GOLDEN EAGLE. 
Aquila chrysaétus (Zzvn). 
Adult: Crown and nape rich rufous-brown ; back and most 
