FALCONIDA—FALCONS. 165 
Adult Females are larger, and appear to have browner 
heads, and the under parts more marked with brown. 
Young: Crown and neck feathers white, more or less 
broadly tipped with brown ; rest of upper parts dark brown, 
most of the feathers having pale margins, and wing-quills 
tipped with whitish ; under parts in some only streaked with 
brown, in others almost uniform chocolate-brown, whilst inter- 
mediate specimens, with broad dark brown blotches on fore 
parts, and bars on the hinder parts, appear most commonly. 
Distribution: Inhabits the Palearctic and Ethiopian 
regions; does not however occur in the extreme north of 
Europe, and is a migrant only to the Mediterranean shores. 
Habitat: Both woodland districts and open country. 
Genus FALCO. 
GREENLAND FALCON. 
Falco candicans Gme/. 
Very Old Male: Above white; feathers on back and 
wing-coverts with large spots of blackish near the tips ; prima- 
ries subterminally barred with black more or less broadly ; 
shafts of upper tail-coverts and rectrices in some birds blackish ; 
under parts pure white, or slightly marked on flanks; d2¥ 
yellowish, bluish towards tip; legs and feet dull yellow; 
irides dark brown. Length 19 to 21 inches; culmen 1°3 ; 
wing 14 to 15; tail 8:2; tarsus 2°5 to 2°75. 
Younger Male: Similar to above, but differs in being 
streaked on head with blackish, and having broad bars of the 
same across the tail. 
Adult Females: Resemble the males, but are consider- 
ably larger, the wing of the former usually measuring 16 to 17 
inches. 
Young: Differ from adults in having the upper markings 
attenuated into drop-shaped markings or streaks; indications 
of tail-bars imperfect. 
Distribution : Probably resident throughout most of the 
Circumpolar regions, occuring further south casually. 
Habitat: Wild open country. 
