196 A HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN BIRDS. 
Adult Female: Above qggk brown, the feathers all mar-- 
zined with brownish-buff, more conspicuously so on the back ; 
beneath dull buff, streaked or dappled with dark brown, except 
on chin and upper throat ; bill dark olive-grey with black nail. 
Young in first plumage: Very nearly resemble the 
adult female. 
Young Male (October): Differs from adult bird in hav- 
ing the head almost similar to the female but with some slight 
trace of green gloss on the crown ; white collar absent ; throat 
sparingly spotted with brown; upper back greyer; chest 
feathers narrowly bordered with whitish. 
Distribution : Inhabits most of the Palearctic and Nearctic 
regions. 
“Habitat : Marshes, —— and rivers or sea coast and salt 
marshes in winter. 
MARBLED DUCK. 
Anas angustirostris J/énétr. 
Adult: Plumage generally du// brown, marbled with pale 
greyish-brown , wings clear grey-brown; zz7zzg-speculum pale 
creamy-brown , tail-feathers tipped with cream-colour ; around 
the eyes dark brown ; beneath greyish-white, the neck streaked, 
and breast and flanks barred with brown; bill, legs and feet 
leaden-grey ; irides brown. Length 1475 inches; culmen 1°75 ; 
wine 7:9; tarsus 1:2. 
Immature Birds: Apparently unknown. 
Distribution: Inhabits the extreme South of Europe, and 
North-western Africa, ranging eastward as far as Scinde. 
Breeds in Spain. 
Habitat: Reedy marshes inland. 
GADWALL. 
Anas strepera Linn. 
Adult Male: Crown and nape dusky-brown with reddish 
speckles ; rest of head and neck whitish, speckled with brown ; 
general colour of wpper parts brown, transversely barred with 
narrow, undulating qwzze lines; upfer and under tail-coverts 
