COLUMBIDA—DOVES. 217 
the neck a patch of black feathers, white tipped, back chestnut ; 
rump lavender tinged with brown, shading into brown on tail- 
coverts ; scapulars, innermost secondaries and most of wing- 
coverts dark brown, broadly margined with yellowish-brown ; 
wing- and tail-quills dusky brown, shaded with grey; Zaz 
broadly tipped with white (except central feathers) and outer- 
most feathers externally bordered with white ; breast pinkish- 
lavender, paler on chin and shading into purer lavender on 
flanks ; abdomen and under tail-coverts white ; bill and claws 
brown, legs and feet crimson, irides reddish-brown. Length 
115 to 12 inches ; culmen 0°75 5 wing 7; tail 4°5 ; tarsus 0°8. 
Adult Female: Duller in tints, otherwise similar to the 
male. 
Young in first plumage: May at once be distinguished 
by the absence of the black and white neck patches. 
Distribution: Found throughout temperate portions of 
the Western Palearctic region, in Northern Africa and in Asia 
as far east as Yarkand. 
Habitat: Thick deciduous woods, tall hedgerows, etc. 
COLLARED TURTLE DOVE. 
Turtur risorius (Zzz7.). 
Adult: Head, neck, and under parts pale grey, suffused 
with red and shading into bluish on abdomen and under tail- 
coverts; on sides of neck a black transverse band, nearly 
meeting behind ; back, scapulars, some of secondaries and 
wing-coverts pale drown, shading into blue on sides of rump ; 
outer wing-coverts also blue; wings and bases of tail-feathers 
beneath dark brown, ‘ad/-feathers above, dark brown at bases 
shading to whitish at tips ; ceztral rectrices brown throughout ; 
bill black ; legs and feet dark red ; irides crimson. Length 
about 11 to 12°5 inches; culmen 0'8; wing 6 to 7 ; tail 4°3 5 
tarsus O°9. 
Young: Differs from the adult in being much duller in 
colour ; the vinous coloration less apparent, the light ending 
to the tail is smaller; and there is only little indication of the 
collar on the hind neck. 
Distribution : A Southern Asiatic species chiefly, ranging 
into Asia Minor and Palestine. Resident also in Turkey. 
Habitat : Palm groves, among dense bushes. 
