244 A HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN BIRDS. 
Distribution: A rare stf™®gler from Northern India and 
Mesopotamia on migration. Has been recorded from various 
countries of Europe, even as far as Finland and Great Britain. 
Habitat: Similar to that of O#s undulata. 
LITTLE. SusraARyD: 
Otis tetrax Zznz. 
Adult Male: Much resembles QO. ¢arda in coloration of 
upper parts, but there is less chestnut apparent, and the mark- 
ings are less bold; rectrices and crown feathers coloured like 
the back ; chin, upper throat and ear-coverts pale slate-grey ; 
rest of under parts white, with two broad black bands across the 
chest ; bill brown, darker at tip; legs and feet dull yellow ; 
irides golden-yellow. Length 16 to r7 inches ; culmen 0'8 ; 
wing 9°5 to 9°75; tail 4°5 ; tarsus 2°25. 
Adult Female: Above lighter than the male, with bolder 
markings ; neck and sides of head sandy-brown, striped with 
black ; the breast and sides also marked with black. 
Adult Male (Winter): Differs little from the adult 
female, having lost the black and white chest bands, but the 
markings on the back are much finer. 
Young in first plumage: Resemble adult females. 
Distribution : Breeds in Western and South-eastern 
Europe, Sicily, Sardinia and parts of Russia; elsewhere in 
Europe it chiefly occurs on migration. Breeds also in North- 
western Africa, Northern Persia, and in parts of Turkistan ; 
wintering in the valley of the Indus. 
Habitat: Extensive plains, or “steppe” country. 
Genus CEDICNEMUS. 
NORFOLK PLOVER, OR THICK-KNEE.~ 
Gidicnemus scolopax (Gye/.). 
Adult: Upper parts greyish-brown, the feathers having 
paler margins and dark brown centres; wing-quills black, the 
first two primaries banded with white; a light band across the 
