256 A HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN BIRDS. 
Adult (Winter): Fears round the eye, ear-coverts 
and back of head dusky, éack and scapulars uniform pearl- 
grey ; secondaries, greater wing-coverts and tail-feathers dark 
grey, margined with white ; priraaries nearly black ; p/umage 
otherwise white; bill black, paler at base beneath ; legs and 
feet yellow. | 
Young in first plumage: “Closely resemble on the 
under parts adults in winter plumage, but the colour of the 
upper parts is very similar to that of the male in summer 
plumage ” (Seebohm). 
Distribution: Breeds in the circumpolar regions of both 
Eastern and Western Hemispheres, migrating southward for 
winter. It occurs as far south as Scinde, Northern Africa, and 
Central America. 
Habitat : The sea-coast, or inland sheets of water. 
RED-NECKED PHALAROPE. 
Phalaropus hyperboreus (Zzz.). 
Adult Female: Crown, sides of head, nape, hind neck, 
and upper parts generally deep slate-grey, becoming blackish- 
brown on the wings and central rectrices : the former crossed 
by a white band ; back and scapulars broadly marked with pale 
chestnut ; front and stdes of neck chestnut, bordered below by 
slaty-grey ; sides of chest slaty-grey ; a patch over the eye and 
under parts otherwise white, marked on flanks with grey; d2// 
slender and tapering, black ; legs and feet greyish ; irides brown. 
Length about 7 inches; culmen 0°8; wing 4°37; tarsus 0°7. 
Adult Male: Smaller, browner above, with paler chestnut 
throat and back markings ; sides of face greyish-brown, tinged 
with red, and showing more white about the eye. 
Adult (Winter) : “The chestnut and grey bands across 
the neck disappear, as well as the chestnut on the back and 
scapulars ; and all the slate-grey and brown feathers of the 
upper parts have white edges, which on the head almost 
ohscure the dark bases, except on the upper ear-coverts ” 
(Seebohm). 
Young in first plumage: “Are suffused with brown on 
the breast, and have the feathers on the forehead, mantle, 
scapulars, innermost secondaries, upper tail-coverts and tail 
dark brown margined with chestnut” (Seebohm). 
