264 A HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN BIRDS. 
and white ; wing-quills greyi#®brown with white shafts ; wing- 
coverts grey with pale margins ; upper tail-coverts white, sub- 
terminally danded with blackish and more or less suffused with 
pale chestnut ; tail pale greyish-brown ; axillaries white, barred 
with dark brown; under parts generally chestnut, here and 
there mixed with white; bill, legs and feet nearly black ; 
irides hazel-brown. Length 9.5 inches; culmen 1°25; wing 
6°25 to6"7); tarl2°5 5 tarsus 2°n5. 
Adult (Winter): Rump and upper tail-coverts white as 
in summer barred with black, a patch from base of upper 
mandible to above the eye white ; general colour of upper parts 
brownish-grey, all the wing-coverts having pale margins; be- 
neath white, the throat, chest, axillaries, sides, and under tail- 
coverts streaked or barred with greyish-brown. 
Young in first plumage: Nearly resemble adults in win- 
ter, but the feathers of upper parts have narrow sub-terminal 
dark bands and pale buffish tips which later on become white ; 
beneath much as in adult (winter) but spotted on chest rather 
than barred. 
Young (Winter): Differ from adults chiefly in having 
dark sub-terminal bands and pale tips to some of wing-coverts 
as in first plumage. 
Distribution : Found on European and North American 
coasts during autumn and winter. Breeds in Grinnell Land, 
&c. 
Habitat : Sea-coast, mud flats or marine marshes, probably 
never moving far inland even in the breeding season. 
PURPLE SANDPIPER. V 
Tringa striata Linn. 
Adult (Summer): Fore parts above dark greyish-brown, 
the feathers margined with chestnut ; 7m, upper tail-coverts 
and central tail-feathers 4/ackish-brown ; outer rectrices grey ; 
wings greyish-brown, crossed by a white band; some of inner- 
most secondaries chiefly white ; wing-coverts with pale tips ; an 
obscure streak over the eye ; axillaries and under parts white, 
the chest and flank-feathers having greyish-brown centres ; bill 
dark brown, paler at base beneath; legs and feet dull yellow ; 
