SCOLOPACID.EA—REDSHANKS. 269 
Distribution : Found throughout most of the Palearctic 
region, passing southward in autumn to Southern Africa, India 
and the Philippine Isles. 
Habitat: Open moorland ; among brushwood near water. 
MARSH SANDPIPER. 
Totanus stagnatilis Lechst. 
Adult (Summer): Above greyish-brown, more or less 
tinged with buff; head and neck streaked and mottled with 
dark brown; mantle and scapulars boldly blotched and barred 
with blackish ; ower back and rump white ; tail white, barred 
with brown ; primaries and lesser coverts almost uniform dark 
brown ; secondaries nearly untform grey ; chin and under parts 
generally white, marked with brown on sides of chest and 
breast ; bill black, greenish at the base; legs and feet pale yel- 
lowish-green ; irides dark brown. Length 9g inches; culmen 
iO) wine’ 53; tater ; tarsus 1°9. 
Adult (Winter) : General colour above cinereous, some of 
the feathers centrally streaked with dark brown ; wing-coverts 
dark blackish-grey, speckled with white ; beneath white, almost 
unmarked. 
Young in first plumage: Above blackish-brown, the 
feathers margined with yellowish and some of the greater wing- 
coverts transversely barred with deep brown; beneath white, 
minutely spotted on cheeks, neck and breast with brown; legs 
and feet greenish-grey. 
Distribution: Breeds in central portions of Europe and 
Asia, occurring southward on migration. Winters throughout 
Africa, in India, and down to the Malay Archipelago. 
Habitat: Closely resembles that of Z: ochropus (Lord Lil- 
ford). 
REDSHANK. 
Totanus calidris (Zznz.). 
Adult (Summer): Fore parts above brown, barred, 
streaked, and spotted with buffish-grey ; vwmp white ; central 
rectrices greyish-brown, outer ones white and all barred with 
