ALCIDA—GUILLEMOTS. 303 
head, with exception of an elongated patch behind the eye, 
pure white. 
Young: May be most readily distinguished by their shorter 
bills and paler legs. The white parts also are less pure. 
Distribution : Inhabits the northern coasts of Europe and 
the North Atlantic. 
Habitat: Strictly oceanic. 
Note.—Very old birds retain their summer plumage throughout the whole 
year. 
A Guillemot known as the Ringed or Silver-eyed Guillemot also inhabits 
European coasts. It is distinguished by having a pure white streak 
behind the eye on the side of the head, and also a white ring round 
the eye, 
BLACK GUILLEMOT. 
Uria grylle (Linn.). 
Adult (Summer) : Basal portion of primaries, greater and 
median wing-coverts and axillaries white ; plumage otherwise 
sooty-black ; bill black (inside of mouth orange) ; legs and feet 
vermilion; irides brown. Length 12 to r4 inches; culmen 
£2; wile 6'5 ; tarsus 1°F5. 
Adult (Winter): Upper parts black, copiously barred 
and speckled with white; rump nearly all white; wings and 
tail as in summer ; under parts pure white. 
Young: Are recognisable by having more brown about the 
head and neck ; white wing patch streaked with brown. 
Distribution: Inhabits Northern and Arctic Europe, 
breeding as far south as the Baltic, Scotland and Ireland. 
Also inhabits the Atlantic coast of North America. During 
winter occasionally found as far south as the English Channel. 
Habitat : Similar to that of U. ¢roile. 
Note —A form known as U. mandti (Spitzbergen Guillemot), inhabiting 
the Eastern Arctic Ocean, differs from the type in having “a more 
slender bill, and the feathers which form the wing-spot are pure white 
without any black.” 
BRUNNICH’S GUILLEMOT. 
Uria bruennichi (Saé.). 
Adult: Closely resembles U. svoile both in plumage and 
