PODICIPIDIDA:—GREBES. 309 
Adult (Winter): Plumage very much as in summer but 
with the occipital plumes and neck-frill absent. 
Young in first plumage: Are browner on crown and 
nape, and have reddish-brown streaks on sides of head and 
neck, otherwise much resemble adults in winter. May be 
distinguished from young of C. rudbricollis by their white eye- 
stripe. 
Distribution: Resident in most of the central and southern 
portions of the Palearctic region, ranging southward to Southern 
Africa, India, Australia, and New Zealand. 
Habitat: Strictly a water bird, wintering on the sea-coast, 
and retiring to large inland lakes to breed. 
RED-NECKED GREBE. 
Podiceps griseigena (Sodd.). 
Adult (Summer): Occipital tufts, crown and hind neck 
black; rest of upper parts olive-black ; secondaries white ; 
chin and cheeks ashy-grey, shading into white marginally ; 
Jore neck chestnut ; rest of under parts silvery-white, becoming 
blackish at vent; bill dusky, yellowish at gape; legs dark 
olive ; feet internally dull yellowish. Length 17:5 tor&8 inches ; 
culmen 1°75 ;-wing 7°25 to 7°75; tarsus 2°2. 
Female: Slightly smaller than the male. 
Adult (Winter) and Young: Closely resemble similar 
plumage in /. cristatus, but it may be distinguished by their 
smaller size and absence of white above the eye. 
Distribution : Breeds in North-eastern Central Europe, 
Southern Scandinavia, Russia, from Archangel to the Caspian, 
and in Asia as far east as Turkestan. Elsewhere in Europe 
chiefly a winter visitant. Found also in Northern Africa. 
Habitat: Like that of P. cristatus, but usually frequents 
smaller sheets of fresh water. 
SCLAVONIAN GREBE. 
Podiceps auritus (Zznz.). 
Adult Male (Summer) : Top of head, chin and neck-ruff 
