190 CONSERVATION OF CANADIAN WILD LIFE 
The provision of water is very important. During the 
hot days of summer, birds require water for drinking and 
bathing purposes, and a bird fountain or bath in a garden 
will always insure the presence of numerous birds. No gar- 
den should be considered complete without a supply of 
water for the birds. This may take the form of a small 
fountain, a natural or artificial water-hole, or a pebble-lined 
tin or concrete bath. Very artistic concrete or artificial- 
stone bird-baths on pedestals are now made and sold by 
dealers, and such baths can be made by any one with a 
little ingenuity. ) 
5. Brrp SANCTUARIES 
A bird sanctuary is an area of land, or of land and water, 
in which birds are rigorously protected and permitted to live 
undisturbed. Such a sanctuary may be a tract of wood- 
land or prairie, a marsh, the banks of a river, a sea-girt 
island or cliffs. A bird sanctuary may be created in or near 
a town or city with as great advantage to bird protection 
as a sanctuary in a more remote region. Moreover, there 
can be no greater expression of the bird-loving tendencies 
of a community than such an area in which birds are pro- 
tected. 
I would strongly recommend local organizations and pub- 
lic bodies to adopt and carry out the following scheme as a 
first step: The absolute protection of birds in public parks 
and cemeteries in cities, towns, and villages should be se- 
cured by the co-operation of the local civic authorities, and 
such areas should be publicly declared to be bird sanctuaries. 
At the same time, bird-house competitions should be organ- 
ized, and a proportion of the bird-houses so made by the 
school-children should be distributed in the civic bird sanc- 
tuaries, and thus the children would have that personal in- 
terest in the work which tends to secure success. Further, 
the assistance of the local horticultural societies should be 
