302 CONSERVATION OF CANADIAN WILD LIFE 
ervations, and the existence of adequate food and other 
essentials of a successful bird reserve, it is now possible to 
determine which of these reserve areas should be established 
as permanent bird reserves. 
The following are brief accounts, prepared by Doctor 
Anderson, of the lakes that were found to be suitable for 
permanent bird reserves, and it is expected that they will 
be so established in the near future. 
Last Mountain Lake (formerly known as Long Lake), 
north of Regina, Saskatchewan. Part of north end of lake 
reserved, both by federal Order in Council and by provin- 
cial authorities as a game refuge. This is a very good breed- 
ing-ground, with many large ducks, canvasbacks, redheads, 
and mallards; a few Canada geese nest on the islands, also 
cormorants and gulls. It is well posted as a provincial 
game refuge. It should by all means be retained as a sanc- 
tuary. 
Lake Johnston, twenty-five miles southwest of Moose Jaw 
(formerly known as Old Wives Lake, Plate XIX). It has 
one large island, Isle of Bays, in the north part of the lake, 
which is also a provincial game refuge. This island is a 
very valuable reserve, comprising about 200 acres. Large 
numbers of white pelicans, cormorants, and great blue 
herons breed on it, also black-headed gulls (Franklin’s?). 
In October, 1918, I saw about 500 Canada geese resting on 
it in the afternoon, and about 200 whistling swans in the 
water near the island. The geese feed on the mainland and 
have a resting-place here. The lake is said to be one of the 
chief resting-places for swans in migration through this 
country. The island should be certainly retained as a 
sanctuary. The land around the lake is mostly poor agri- 
cultural land and seems suitable for wild-fowl breeding. 
Lake Johnston is a good preserve for pelicans and cormo- 
rants, as there are no valuable food fish in the lake. Where 
there is reserved land in blocks of fair size it should be 
