318 CONSERVATION OF CANADIAN WILD LIFE 
one of the coolest and best-shaded situations in the Zoologi- 
cal Park, but, at the same time, it was sheltered from sweep- 
ing winds. We have observed no suffering on the part of 
any of our musk-oxen during even the warmest weather of 
midsummer. In the afternoon of the hottest days the 
animals breathed more rapidly than usual, but there was 
no evidence of anything approaching real distress. On the 
whole, these animals seemed to us to develop as rapidly and 
as perfectly as they could have done in a state of nature. 
The adult bulls certainly compared very favourably with 
wild-killed specimens, and if there was any deterioration 
through living in captivity, it was not observable. These 
animals moved about freely on the Telford macadam pave- 
ment of their corrals sufficiently to keep their hoofs worn 
down to a proper length, and no trimming of their hoofs ever 
became necessary.” 
Should it be decided to attempt experimentally, by the 
establishment of musk-ox experiment stations in northern 
Canada and Alaska, to domesticate the musk-ox, every 
effort will be made to apply our modern knowledge of animal 
husbandry and veterinary science to the development of 
such new and potentially valuable domestic animals. 
REINDEER IN ALASKA 
(PLATE XXIII) 
Few movements undertaken for the purpose of developing 
a new country have proved so successful and so full of in- 
terest, as the introduction of reindeer into Alaska, where 
they now constitute one of the greatest economic assets in 
that potentially rich country. The first reindeer, numbering 
171 animals, were introduced into Alaska from Siberia in 
1892; in twenty-five years, that is, by 1917, there were 98,582 
reindeer in Alaska; to-day there are over 100,000, and they 
form the chief agricultural industry of a country formerly 
a 
