THE ROLLER CANARY 45 
beat, one may say they are a blending of Hollow Roll 
and Water Roll. This combination, in the hands of 
inexperienced breeders, may resolve itself, again, into 
Hollow Roll and Water Roll separately. Further, the 
Water Roll may lose its good qualities and retrograde 
into weak water and broad wish-washy stuff, and as the 
song of the youngster develops this watery stuff becomes 
more and more apparent, and he must be taken away 
from the school. 
Rippling tours on “‘o” and “ou” are good. Birds 
of this category should be placed close to one another, 
and they should have a fair songster as tutor with a fully- 
developed kullering tour, so that they may have good 
instruction and support, and, in their turn, become first- 
rate songsters. 
WHEN BASS DEVELOPS 
Bass develops at about the end of September or the 
beginning of October ; at first there is a short “rrr,” 
which soon becomes louder and stronger, and then the 
breeder will have an idea as to what the quality will be. 
The bass tones knorr and knourrr are good, and birds 
possessing them may be used for further breeding 
purposes or for sale. 
We get also a soft deep bass, but not on “o” or 
“ou,” as above, but more of an “a,” as in “arr,” a 
variety which is still good, and, although a sensitive 
breeder may perhaps talk disparagingly of this so-called 
knarre, many would be pleased if they had such bass 
in their song. 
The last of the good tours which the birds lay hold 
of is Schockel, and to develop it a schoolmaster 
