58 THE ROLLER CANARY 
may be permitted in a Schoolmaster. Preferably none, 
of course. Under this heading I do not refer to such 
things as Zitt or Chop, which are not tours at all but 
rather jerked out noises, and which happily only a few 
birds bring out; such faults, of course, no bird should 
possess, nor any of a similar nature. 
There are certain faults which we are ready to excuse 
in our pets, but they must be sung in the right place, so 
that they escape being classed among the faulty tours. 
A bird with an Aufzug at the start is hardly one to be 
selected; anyhow, it must be very soft, and he must only 
bring it once, otherwise the whole school will be spoilt, 
and there will be no end to sorting the birds out. 
FAULTS IMPOSSIBLE TO DESCRIBE 
Quiet or medium Aufzug, after Bass or just before 
it, may be permitted without fear, but it must only come 
out once. The young birds must not be subjected to 
sharp Aufzug, for after a little while they take up this 
oft-repeated fault, and the effect is bad, like tearing 
calico. It is impossible to define Aufzug properly in 
writing, and it is best to listen to an example. 
Birds with very lengthy bell, and which only bring 
deep tours now and again, should not be used as tutors, 
neither should those with a lot of sharp, piercing, or 
nasal flutes, as these birds mar the song to such an extent 
that it becomes valueless. Weak flutes will not do much 
damage, and may be permitted; on the other hand, nasal 
flutes are dangerous. 
There are some birds that have not a clear delivery 
with certain tours, half hoarse, half nasal, one might say 
indistinct. Opinions differ considerably as to whether 
