THE ROLLER CANARY 83 
being both pure and artistic. Being, however, difficult 
to breed, and lightly esteemed in consequence, they fell 
out of the running, as the Hollow Roll bird, which in the 
meantime became ‘“‘ fashionable,” was easier to breed 
pure, and also easier to sell. There was scant reward, 
therefore, for the breeder of Gluck birds. The cultiva- 
tion of the Gluck tours has again lately set in with 
success, and is being made a study of by fanciers, thus 
livening up the sporting instinct. 
FLUTES 
The very good ground tones are u, 0, i. The good 
ones are li, 1, au, a. The fair and sometimes faulty are 
i, €, a, 6, iu, iau, io. The best consonant is a soft d, 
the next best is t. The bad are ts, tz. Each flute is 
composed of one syllable (monosyllable). 
A pure vowel with soft a has a good effect; the 
deeper and the middle register flutes are of more value 
than the higher pitched, because the tone of the former 
is better. Anyhow, high flutes must be tender and soft, 
in order to escape being faulty. If the pure vowel sound 
is lengthened somewhat, it has a drawn-out, melancholy, 
plaintive effect; some of these flutes are very beautiful. 
The impure vowels, 4, 6, e, give us nasal flutes. 
Hard flutes occur with the consonant t (tii); when sung 
short many such will be hammering flutes, and they may 
be found on all the notes of the register; on the higher 
notes they also come out as sharp flutes. Sharp, also, is 
the effect if an s or z comes between t and the vowel, 
thus :—tsi, tzi, tziau. 
The effect in flutes is heightened when the separate 
Fe 
