CHAPTER XVI 
FAULTS IN SONG 
purity and tonality required. Examples of faulty 
delivery exist in every tour, and these, of course, 
lower or entirely annul their value. The tours we have 
named have faults, which we here enumerate :— 
Hollow Roll.—Nasal, broad, watery, scratchy, 
dull, thin. 
Bass.—Nasal, broad, jarring, watery, rattling, 
crackling, weak. 
Koller.—Nasal, loose, weak. 
Schockel.—Nasal. 
Hollow Bell.—Nasal, jumpy, dragging, baying, hard. 
Gluck.—Nasal, blunt, weak, clattering, loud. 
Water Roll.—Nasal, broad, hard, sharp. 
Bell.—Nasal, jerky, hammering, sharp, thin, shrill, 
penetrating, dragging, schnetter-like. 
Bell Roll.—Nasal, hard, broad, weak, sharp. 
Schwirre.—Nasal, sharp, hard, broad, weak, shrill, 
thin, schnetter-like. 
Flutes.—Nasal, hard, sharp, hammering, penetrating, 
thin. 
Besides valuable tours with faults as above, there are 
others which we might also describe as bad tours and 
very dangerous to song. They are:—{1) Aufzug, (2) 
call notes, interjections, (3) Zitt, Schnetter, Schnatter, 
Chop. 
Pe pus tours are those which come short of the 
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