360 THE BIRDS OF MAINE 



b*. No yellow on bend of wing or before eye. 



c^ Breast crossed by broad buffy band. Lincoln's Sparrow, 

 c''. Breast not crossed by buffy band ; a darkish spot at 

 middle of breast usually. Song Sparrow. 

 ** Outer tail feathers scarcely or not at all shorter than middle 

 pair, 

 a'. Yellow either before eye or on bend of wing or under wing 

 coverts yellow, 

 b'. Under wing coverts yellow. Rose-breasted Grosbeak. 



(female), 

 b*. Under wing coverts not yellow. 



c'. Breast washed with yellow. Dickcissel. 

 c*. Breast not washed with yellow, 

 d'. Throat contrasted to breast in color, white. White- 

 throated Sparrow, 

 d''. Throat not contrasted to breast in color. 



e'. Crown with central buify line; crown feathers 

 black, bordered by chestnut brown ; wing under 

 2.90. Savanna Sparrow. 

 e". Crown feathers with a small black center, widely 

 bordered with brownish gray and cinnamon 

 brown ; wing over 2.90. Ipswich Sparrow, 

 a^. No yellow either before eye, on bend of wing or under 

 wing coverts, 

 b'. Crown with bright red cap. 

 c\ Rump pure white, unstreaked; flanks only slightly or 



not at all streaked. Hoary Redpoll, 

 c^. Rump and sides distinctly streaked with blackish, 

 d'. Length over 5.25 ; bill short, thick, not very acute ; 



sides rather broadly streaked. Greater Redpoll, 

 d^ Length under 5.25; bill acute, longer; use your 

 imagination well and you will think you can see a 

 difference in the two following when you have 

 them side by side. 

 e\ Length 4.50 to 5.00 ; bill smaller. Redpoll, 

 e^. Length 5.00 to 5.25 ; bill larger ; use imagination 

 liberally and you have Holbcell's Redpoll, 

 b'^. Crown without red cap and about same color as back, 

 c'. Bill with the mandibles crossed ; rump yellow, 

 d'. Wing with white bars. White-winged Crossbill. 



(female or immature), 

 d^. Wing not white barred. American Crossbill, (female 

 or immature), 

 c''. Bill with mandibles not crossed, 

 d'. Rump reddish, brighter than back ; wing over 3.25. 

 Fox Sparrow. 



