FINCHES, SPARROWS 



361 



d'^. Rump not reddish, same color as back ; wing under 

 3.25. 

 e'. Outer tail feathers longer than middle pair; back 

 grayish brown, streaked or unstreaked ; first 

 primary shorter than second. Purple Finch, 

 (female or immature), 

 e^. Outer tail feathers not longer than middle pair. 

 f. Breast with buff band across it. Lincoln's 



Sparrow, 

 f^. Breast not buffy banded. 



g". First primary shorter than second; upper 

 parts streaked black and reddish brown. 

 Song Sparrow, 

 g**. First primary not shorter than second ; back 

 brownish ashy, streaked with brownish ; a 

 pale streak over the eye. Ipswich Sparrow. 

 B. Under parts unstreaked. 



*. Claw of hind toe always as long as subtending toe, usually longer. 

 Chestnut-collared Longspiir. 

 **. Claw of hind toe shorter than its subtending claw. 

 1. No red in under parts. 

 §. Back distinctly streaked. 

 ?. Tail with spots, bars or patches of white. 



a'. Bend of wing yellow; wing under 3.00; under parts not 

 pure white ; tail feathers narrow and sharply pointed ; 

 summer birds. Grasshopper Sparrow, 

 a^. Bend of wing not yellow ; wing over 4.00 ; under parts 

 white or slightly washed with rusty; winter birds. 

 Snowflake. 

 ??. Tail without spots, bars or patches of white, 

 a^ Bend of wing yellow, 

 b'. Tail feathers narrow, pointed; tail under 2.20. 

 c'. Crown with bluish gray line through its center; 

 cheeks and breast ochraceous buff. Nelson's Spar- 

 row, 

 c^. Crown with buff line through center. Grasshopper 

 Sparrow, 

 b'-. Tail feathers not narrow and pointed ; tail over 2.20. 

 c'. Throat white and distinctly contrasted with the 

 gray breast ; a yellow line over the eye. White- 

 throated Sparrow, 

 c''. Throat with black spot or breast yellow, or both. 

 Dickcissel. 

 a'''. Bend of wing not yellow. 

 b'. Crown with some black streaks or spots. 



