SUMMARY. 



The number of species given in the list as positively occurring, or as hav- 

 ing occurred of their own free will within our limits, or being introduced to 

 have persisted until the present time is 327. Of these some 26 are perma- 

 nent residents, including 2 introduced species. The summer residents 

 include 115 species. Those occurring chiefly or entirely as migrants are 75. 

 The winter residents and winter visitors of fairly general or regular occur- 

 rence include 40 species. The accidental visitors, casual visitors and strag- 

 glers include 67 species, and the remaining 4 species formerly occurred but 

 are now extinct, 3 utterly extinct and the other one extinct as far as its 

 occurrence in the northeast is concerned. 



The synopsis which follows shows the status of the various species 

 according to my individual judgment, though others consulting the data 

 given in the text might arrive at different conclusions in some instances. 



PERMANENT RESIDENTS. 



The majority of the 26 species given here are resident, but those designa- 

 ted by an asterisk are chiefly or entirely confined to the Canadian fauna 

 during the breeding season. It is highly probable that in the case of some 

 species the same individual birds do not remain in one locality throughout 

 the year, but birds which summer here go south for the winter, and are 

 replaced during that season by individuals which have summered north of 

 our limits. 



*Black Guillemot, *Herring Gull, *Leach's Petrel, Bob-White (?), *Canada 

 Grouse, Canadian Ruffed Grouse, American Long-eared Owl, Short-eared Owl, 

 Barred Owl, *Saw-whet Owl, Screech Owl, Great Horned Owl, Hairy Wood- 

 pecker, Downy Woodpecker, Northern Pileated Woodpecker, Blue Jay, *Can- 

 ada Jay, *Northern Raven, American Crow, American Crossbill, White-winged 

 Crossbill, White-breasted Nuthatch, *Red-breasted Nuthatch, Chickadee. 



Introduced Species — Domestic Pigeon, English Sparrow. 



SUMMER RESIDENTS. 



The species which occur in greatest numbers as summer residents include 

 115 birds, some of which might have been equally well included under one 

 of the other headings. Those designated by an asterisk have been known 

 to occur in winter, though usually rare at this season. 



Pied-billed Grebe, *Loon, Laughing Gull, Common Tern, Arctic Tern, 

 Black Duck, Wood Duck, American Bittern, Least Bittern, Great Blue Heron, 

 Green Heron, Black-crowned Night Heron, Virginia Rail, Sora, American 



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