HISTORY AND LITERATURE 7 



facile princeps. The late Rev. W. Willemot did some good work 

 with falcons at gulls before this branch of the sport was taken 

 up by Mr. St. Quintin ; and the late Mr. T. J. Mann, of Hyde 

 Hall, Sawbridgeworth, was successful with rooks and partridges 

 in Cambridgeshire. Probably the most splendid establishment of 

 hawks in England during the last forty years was that of the 

 late Maharajah Dhuleep Singh at Elvedon. Falconry in India 

 has been extensively practised by many English officers 

 quartered in that part of the world, and notably by General 

 Griffiths, and more lately by Captain S. Biddulph, who has 

 probably killed a greater variety of wild quarry than any 

 European now living, and whose portraits of trained hawks are 

 above all praise. Colonel Delme Radcliffe, Colonel Brooks- 

 bank, Colonel Watson, Captain Crabbe, the late Sir Henry 

 Boynton, Mr. A. W. Reed, Major Anne, and Mr. Arthur Newall, 

 are all enthusiastic and successful falconers. Colonel Ayshford 

 Sanford, Major C. W. Thompson, of the 7th Dragoon Guards, 

 and the writer of these pages, have had considerable success 

 with merlins. 



In France, the names of MM. Barachin, Sourbets, Arbel, and 

 Belvallette for the short-winged hawks, and MM. Pichot and 

 Paul Gervais for other kinds, require honourable notice ; and in 

 Russia that of the late M. Constantine Haller will always be 

 remembered. It is not many years since the latter originated 

 and carried into effect the scheme of an International Hawking 

 Congress, to be held near St. Petersburg. This was attended by 

 many Asiatic falconers, and one from England. But the im- 

 possibility of finding suitable wild quarry in accessible places 

 sadly interfered with the success of the meeting ; and the result 

 was not proportionate to the great trouble of organising it. 



It will naturally be supposed that a sport so fashionable, so 

 prevalent, and so difficult as falconry, has been discussed at 

 length in many writings and in many languages. For the very 

 extensive literature treating of its art and practice in different 

 parts of the world, the reader is referred to Mr. Harting's Biblio- 

 theca Accipitraria, already mentioned, in which a full account is 

 given of no less than three hundred and seventy-eight works on 

 the subject. Of these, eighty-two are in English, and eighty-four 

 in French. The German publications number forty-six, the 

 Italian thirty-eight, the Japanese fourteen, and there are several 

 in Spanish, Russian, Latin, Greek, and Chinese. 



The most notable works, besides those already mentioned, 

 are the Latin treatise written by the Emperor Frederick II. ; The 

 Boke of St. Albans, by Dame Juliana Berners, i486 ; the volumes 



