IN THE SHETLANDS 19 
both light and varied compared with the extreme or 
uniform dark brown form beside it (No. 8), which 
appears to me to be the least common one of all, less 
so than the extreme light one (No. 1) at the other 
end. When I say uniform, however, | do not mean 
to include the crown of the head or tips of the wings, 
which are always darker than the rest of the plumage, 
nor yet that lighter shade which is on the primary 
quills of every individual, but only seen in flight. 
These exceptions must always be understood, and, 
moreover, the expression uniform is not to be con- 
strued with mathematical accuracy, but only as 
conveying the general effect upon the eye. 
(10) A bird that from the dark crown of the head 
to the dark tips of the wings is, above and below, 
a uniform dark, browny dun, yet some washes lighter 
than the uniformly brown one (No. 8) that 1 have 
spoken of. 
(11) A bird that, from the dark crown to the dark 
wing-tips, is, above and below, a uniform light fawny 
dun. 
(12) A bird that would be the extreme light form 
(No. 1) that I have first described, were it not that, 
both on the throat and breast, the cream is enroached 
upon by cloudy barrings of a soft greyey-brown (or 
something between the two) which extend also over 
the under surface of the wings. Moreover, a toning 
of the darker colour of the general upper surface 
encroaches a little upon the cream of the nape. 
(13) A bird exhibiting the uniform, dusky-dunnish 
