189 
Nesting. Suspended from a branch about 8 feet from the ground in pensile nest of 
fibres and birch bark. 
Distribution. Eastern America. More northern in breeding range than the Warbling 
and only a migrant in most of the settled sections of Canada. 
Usually a rather rare little Vireo and too ineonspicuous to be often 
seen or recognized by the ordinary observer. 
627. Warbling Vireo. FR.—LE VIREO GRIS-OLIVE. Vireosylva gilva. L, 5-80. 
Plate XXXIX A. 
Distinctions. The even unmarked coloration and small size will distinguish the 
Warbling from any other Vireo except the Philadelphia. The lack of yellow overwash in 
front and below will usually be diagnostic. The final test of the species, however, is the 
small rudimentary condition of the first primary which is hardly three-quarters of an inch 
long instead of one and three-quarters. 
Field Marks. The almost pure white underparts instead of the yellow suffusion of 
the Philadelphia makes the best recognition mark from that species and the small size and 
dull even coloration from other Vireos. 
Nesting. Suspended between the forks of a small branch 15 to 50 feet above the ground 
in pensile nest of fine bark strips and plant fibres, smoothly and firmly interwoven and 
lined with pine needles and hairs. 
Distribution. As a species, occupies all of temperate America; the Eastern Warbling 
Vireo extends west to the prairie provinces. 
SUBSPECIES. The Warbling Vireo is divided into an eastern and a western sub- 
species. The Eastern Warbling Vireo V. g. gilva, the type of the species, is the only one 
met with in eastern Canada. 
The Warbling Vireo, hidden in leafy tree tops, is more often heard 
than seen. Its song is very different from that of the Red-eyed, being 
continuous and not composed of disconnected phrases. 
628. Yellow-throated Vireo. ¥FR.—LE VIREO A FRONT JAUNB. Lanivireo flavifrons. 
L, 5°95. Head, cheeks, and back greenish; rump and tail slaty; breast and throat bright 
yellow; below white; wings with two distinct white bars. 
Distinctions. The bright yellow breast and throat of this species is distinctive. The 
Solitary and the White-eyed are the only other Vireos with wing bars. In the former the 
bars are white as in the breast, in the latter the bars are yellowish. In coloration the Yellow- 
throated Vireo is very similar to the Pine Warbler, but there is much less white on the under- 
parts of the latter species, the yellow suffusing and covering most of it instead of stopping 
almost sharply at the breast line. 
Field Marks. The bright yellow throat and breast are distinctly recognizable and 
prevent confusion with any other native Vireo. The voice, similar to that of the Red- 
eyed but with the phrases following each other less rapidly 2 to 3 seconds apart instead of 
about one per second, will distinguish it from others of its family or from the Warblers. 
Nesting. Suspended from a forked branch 10 to 80 feet above the ground, in pensile 
nest of strips of bark, plant fibres, etc., lined with fine grasses and covered externally with 
lichens, spider webs, etc. 
Distribution. Eastern North America. Common in eastern Canada only in the 
southern parts of the lower Great Lakes region. 
A woodland and orchard bird. Besides its characteristic song it is a 
maker of many queer noises and has an extensive vocabulary. 
629. Solitary Vireo. BLUE-HEADED VIREO. FR.— LE VIREO A TETE BLEUE. 
Lanivireo solitarius. L,5°61. Back greenish shading into bluish ash on head and adjacent 
parts of cheeks; white loral spot and white ring about eye; all underparts white with suffu- 
sion of yellow on flanks; wings with two whitish bars. 
Distinctions. The ashy blue head with conspicuous white lores and eye-ring are 
distinctive. 
Field Marks. The bluish head with conspicuous white eye-ring and lores and pure 
white throat make conspicuous field marks. 
Nesting. Suspended from between the forks of a small branch 5 to 10 feet above the 
ground, in pensile nest of wood fibres, bark strips, and pine needles, plant down, ete. 
57172—133 
