490 THE CALIFORNIA PYGMY OWL. 
fewer and larger spots of white, and the cervical collar is more or less obscured. 
Length as next. 
Recognition Marks.—Sparrow size; chunky appearance; carries tail at 
angle; unmistakable; lighter than preceding. 
Nesting.—Nest: in cavity of tree or stump, or usually, in old woodpecker 
holes. Eggs: 3 or 4, white, lusterless and surface minutely pitted. Av. size 
1.10 X .gO (27.9 x 22.9). Season: second week in May to first week in June; one 
brood. 
General Range.—Western North America (except Pacific Coast district) 
from British Columbia south to tablelands of Mexico, breeding chiefly in moun- 
tainous and timbered portions. 
Range in Washington.—Not common resident east of Cascade Mountains. 
Authorities——Bendire, Auk, Vol. V., Oct. 1888, p. 397. (T). D*. 
Specimens.—!"'. Prov. 
CAPTAIN BENDIRE met with this species on several occasions in the 
Blue Mountains, and thinks that it is normally confined to pine timber. This 
may be true of the breeding season, but it is probable that it visits the thickets 
of the lower valleys in winter. The only specimen I ever came upon was 
taken in the winter of 1886-7 in a cat-tail swamp in the Ahtanum Valley 
(Yakima County) some ten miles from the mountain timber. Its habits are 
quite similar to those of the following form, which is better known. 
No. 190. 
CALIFORNIA PYGMY OWL. 
A. O. U. No. 379a. Glaucidium gnoma californicum (Sclater). 
Synonym.—CALIFORNIA GNoME OwL. 
Description.—Adults: Like G. gnoma but darker, dark reddish brown 
above; spotting more strongly ochraceous; markings of underparts clove-brown 
to black. Length: male 7.00 (177.8), female 7.50 (190.5); wing 3.85 (97.8); 
tail 2.65 (67.3); bill from cere .43 (10.9). 
Recognition Marks.—<As in foregoing; darker. 
Nesting.—As in preceding. 
General Range.—Pacific Coast district from northern California north to 
southern British Columbia. 
Range in Washington.—Not uncommon resident west of the Cascades. 
Authorities.—Glaucidinm gnoma, Wagler, Baird, Rep. Pac. R. R. Surv. IX., 
p. 62. C&S. L'. Rh. Ra. B. E. 
Specimens.—U. of W. Prov. B. E. 
