CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 95 
MUSEUM SPECIMEN. 
One specimen bought with the Holman collection. 
LV. CLANGULA LeEacu. 18109. 
151. American Golden-eye. Whistler. 
Clangula clangula americana Faxon. 1806. 
An abundant winter resident on the Atlantic coast. Often 
breeding in trees in Newfoundland. (Reets.) Seen on the Moose 
River and James Bay in June, 1897; none seen in the interior of 
Labrador. (Spreadborough.) Specimens taken in Ungava Bay and 
at Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay ; seen passing north of Lake Mis- 
tassini by Mr. J. M. Macoun on May 3rd, 1885. In Ontario and 
Quebec it is a common migrant, but we have no records of it 
breeding in these provinces. 
This species is tolerably common in Manitoba and in the wooded 
part of eastern Assiniboia, where it breeds, and northerly to Nor- 
way House, north of Lake Winnipeg, where it was found by Dr. 
R. Bell. Without any doubt its chief breeding-ground is toward 
the mouth of the Saskatchewan, and down the Nelson and 
Churchill rivers. As it breeds chiefly in poplar trees, it will be 
found ‘generally breeding where these trees are in profusion. 
The writer has found this bird breeding on Buffalo Lake, near 
Methye Portage, in Lat. 56° N. Ross says it extends to the Arctic 
coast in the Mackenzie River valley, and is not rare. 
This is an extremely rare bird on the western and northern 
coasts of Alaska. In four years I saw only four birds. It isa 
common duck in the interior, and reaches the mouth of the Yukon 
in the breeding season. (JVe/son.) It winters on the west coast 
from Unalaska (7urner) to the Fraser River and Lake Okanagan, 
where it is abundant. (Lvooks.) 
BREEDING Notes.—Fairly common in Manitoba and Alberta. 
Downy young shot at Reaburn, Manitoba, July 4th, 1893. (Dzppie.) 
In June, 1892, at Deep Lake, Indian Head, Assa., various nests of 
this species were taken in hollow trees. One was found in a 
hollow cottonwood, about fifteen feet from the ground, and 
another in a hollow elm tree, about twenty-five feet from the 
ground. This nest was made of rotten wood lined with down. 
