388 Till". 'IK AIM. I•■|.^C• AlXmCK. 



These l*"lycatclKMS in iK>liii(4 time are \erv onlidiiifj; and very devuteil 

 parents. ( )ne may sometimes ti>ncli tlie silting liird. and, wlien off, slie 

 llullers alM)nt very close to the intru<ler, sneezing violently ami snipping her 

 mandilik's like fairv scissors. 



No. MQ. 



TR.Mii.'s ii.^c.\tchi:r. 



A I I. I . No. 4(1(1. Empidonax traillii (And.). 



Synonyms. — I.itti.k Fi.vi aTi. ink. I.itti.i; \\ksti:rn Fi.vcatciikr. 



Description. — I'iinnaf^e of iipi)er]>arts very similar to that of p.. d'Mcilis. hut 

 olive iiKJinin},' to brownish: winfj-hars usually paler, more whitish: outer weh 

 of outer rectrix ]>ale fjrayish white: -ides of liead and neck decidedly lirowner; 

 nnderj)arts evervwiicre paler, nearly white on throat: hrea^i sonlid, scarcely 

 olivaceous; lower abdomen and crissuni pale primrose yellow : bend of wing yellow 

 decked with dusky: a faint eye-ring pale olive-gray, liill black al)ove, light 

 lirownish below (not so light in life as /;". (iitlirilis I. )'oiinti: nnich as in jireced- 

 ing species, hut averaging browner: more yellow below than adult. Length 3.30- 

 (1.00 (1.^0.7-132.41: wing 2.-G (-0): tail 2.23 (37): bill .4<> (12.3): tarsu- 

 /.3 ( iC).3 I. 



Recognition Marks. — Warbler size: olivaceous coloration: not so yellow 

 below as preceding species: brush-haiuiting hal>it>i: note a smart suit'fliDiK 



Nestin)(. — Xfsl: a rather bulky but neatly-turned cup of plant-libre<. bark- 

 strips, grass, etc., carefully lined with line grasses; placed three to ten feet up. in 

 crotch of bush or sapling of lowland thicket or swamj). E;/fis: ■^ or 4. not certainly 

 ilistingui'ihable from those of precoling si)ccies. Av. size. .70 x .34 ( 17.8 x 1.^71. 

 St'oson: Jtnie: one brood. 



General Range. — \\"e>terii North America, breeding north to -, intheni 

 Alaska (Dvea). "east, northerly, to western jxirtion of dreat Plains, nnich 

 farther southerlv, breeding in Iowa(?i, Missouri, southern Illinois, and 

 probably elsewhere in ceinral Mississippi \"alley" : si.nth in winter over Mexico 

 to Colombia, etc. 



Range in Washington. — lni)K-rfectly maile out--snninier resi.lent in thickets 

 at lower leveK tliruout( ?l the State. 



Authorities. — f',iiif<iiioiui.v f<iisillus Cabani-. Baird, Rep. Pac. R. R. Snrv. 

 IX. 1S5S. ).. i.»3. Ibid. C\S. 170. (Ti. CvS,?. I,'. D'. Ra. P.. H. 



Specimens. ( l'. of \V. 1 Prov. 1'. E. 



l)lS(,RIMI.\.\'ri< )X is the constant elfort of those who would study the 

 I-*mpidonaces. the Little Flycatchers. Comparing colors, Traill's gives an im- 

 pression of hrowimess, where the Western is yellowish green, ILimmond's 

 blackish, and Wright's grayish dusky. These ilistincti>ins are not glaring, hut 



