B. Mandibles not crossed. 
1. Head crested. 
2. Head not crested. 
a. No red on upper parts. 
b. Upper parts with red. 
(1). With white wing-bars. 
(a). Wing more than 4.00. 
(b). Wing less than 3.00. 
(2). Without white wing-bars. 
(a). Head blue. 
(b). Head red. 
Il. Under parts without streaks. 
A. With distinct yellow in the plumage. 
1. Mandibles crossed. 
a. With white wing-bars. 
b. Without white wing-bars. 
Mandibles not crossed. 
ty 
a. Body bright yellow, wings, tail, crown black. 
b. Lores yellow, a white throat blotch. 
c. Lores and bend of wing yellow. 
d. Black throat-patch, yellow above and below it. 
e. A broad white wing-patch, bill enormous. 
B. With distinct blue in the plumage. 
1. Wing over 3.25. 
2. Wing under 3.00. 
a. Under parts red. 
b. Under parts blue. 
C. Head and neck black. 
tr. Sides with rufous. 
2. Sides without rufous. 
D. Crown plain rufous. 
1. A dusky spot in middle of br ast. 
Breast without a dusky spot. 
a. Bend of wing yellow. 
b. Bend of wing not yellow. 
(1). Bill reddish. 
(2). Bill dark brown to black. 
(a). Wing less than 3.00. 
(b). Bill more than 3.00. 
E. Head more or less streaked. 
3 white, 4 black streaks on crown. 
Three gray, 4 brown streaks on crown. 
Ear-coverts rufous, a black spot on breast. 
Bend of wing yellow. 
F. Crown unstreaked, not plain rufous. 
; Crown black. 
Plumage mostly white. 
Plumage mostly brown or slate gray. 
a. Forehead black, under parts gray. 
b. Throat black. 
to 
TCU 
WNHH 
c. Crown, rump. breast washed with olive yellowish. 
4. Plumage brownish with yellowish wash. 
III. Under parts streaked. 
A. Bend of wing yellow. 
r. Center of crown occasionally with an ashy-blue line. 
2. Center of crown with a buffy stripe (sometimes 
whitish). 
a. Under parts heavily streaked. 
b. Under parts lightly streaked. 
3. Crown plain, or with narrow whitish line. 
B. Bend of wing not yellow. 
1. Wing under 3.00. 
a. A cream-buff band across breast. 
b. No cream-buff band across breast. 
(1). Base of tail yellow. 
(2). No yellow on tail. 
2. Wing over 3.00. 
44. Cardinal. 
45. Rose-breasted Grosbeak. 
15. Pine Grosbeak. 
20. Redpoll. 
(Hypothetical) Painted Bunting. 
16. Purple Finch. 
19. White=winged Crossbill. 
18. American Crossbill. 
21. American Goldfinch. 
33- White-throated Sparrow. 
27. Grasshopper Sparrow. 
47. Dickcissel. 
14. Evening Grosbeak. 
(Hypothetical) Blue Grosbeak. 
(Hypothetical) Painted Bunting. 
46. Indigo Bunting. 
43. Towhee. 
37. Junco. 
34. Tree Sparrow. 
38. Bachman Sparrow. 
36. Field Sparrow. 
35- Chipping Sparrow. 
43. Towhee. 
32. White-crowned Sparrow. 
32. White-crowned Sparrow. 
30. Lark Sparrow. 
29. Nelson Sparrow. 
31. Harris Sparrow. 
23. Snowflake. 
41. Swamp Sparrow. 
17. English Sparrow. 
15. Pine Grosbeak. 
21. American Goldfinch. 
29. Nelson Sparrow. 
26. Savanna Sparrow. 
28. Henslow Sparrow. 
38. Bachman Sparrow. 
40. Lincoln Sparrow. 
22. Pine Siskin. 
39. Song Sparrow. 
