THE MAGNOLIA WARBLER. 143 
The autumnal movement is less hurried than that of spring. At this 
season the birds often gather in flocks of forty or more, and linger for weeks 
in sunny, half-wooded pastures, or about the orchards. Here they spend 
much time in the tall weeds, after the fashion of Goldfinches, hunting 
for insects, indeed, but in lieu of them often accepting seed. Thus they will 
occasionally tarry late into November, and do not fear the exposure resulting 
from the falling leaves, since a yellow rump-spot is all that is left them of the 
garish beauties of spring. 
Yellow-rumped Warblers are reported as wintering commonly in 
southern Indiana, but Rev. W. F. Henninger did not find them in the lower 
Scioto valley. Dr. Langdon of Cincinnati has records for March 4 and 
November 20, and it is not improbable that they winter sparingly in the more 
sheltered spots of the Ohio River counties. They are reported as abundant at 
that season in Florida, where they subsist on the berries of the myrtle (M/yrica 
cerifera), whence the name. 
No. 64. 
MAGNOLIA WARBLER. 
we U. No. 657. Dendroica maculosa (Gmel.). 
Synonym.—BLACK-AND-YELLOW WARBLER. 
Description.—Adult male in spring: Crown and nape slaty blue; back 
deep black; black bands on the sides of the head meeting in front and connecting 
with black of back; superciliary line, cut off by black in front of eye, white; a 
white spot on under eyelid; rump bright yellow shading into back by yellow or 
olive-green skirtings; upper tail-coverts abruptly black; wings and tail black 
with narrow edgings of bluish gray; a large white blotch on wing, formed by 
tips of middle, with tips and outer edges of greater, coverts; tail-feathers, ex- 
cept middle pair, with square white blotches on central third of inner web, below 
rich lemon yellow, clear on throat and middle belly, heavily streaked with black 
on jugulum, sides of breast, and sides, the streaks tending to become confluent in 
two or three large stripes on sides of breast, and to form a black patch on lower 
throat; crissum white; bill black; feet dark brown. Adult female in spring: 
Like male but duller; more olive-green on back; wing-patch separated into two 
bars by broader black centers of greater coverts; less heavily streaked below. 
Both sexes in autumn: Above olive-green ; grayish on head; pale gray on throat; 
less heavily, or not at all, streaked below. Young: Ashy above with heavy olive 
skirtings on back and nearly concealed black spots; paler yellow below with less 
