160 THE BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER. 
taken to reserve large areas of the picturesque sycamores, the present gen- 
eration must witness the passing of the Sycamore Warbler from its northern 
haunts. 
No. 71. 
BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER. 
A. O. U. No. 667. Dendroica virens (Gmel.). 
Description.—Adult male: Throat and breast above and on sides glossy 
black; sides of head and neck bright yellow; a line through eye, expanding be- 
hind, olive-green; above bright olive-green, clearing to yellow in front and on 
sides of crown; spotted or streaked with black on middle back, and sometimes, 
minutely, on crown; upper tail-coverts ashy- or olivaceous-edged; wings and 
tail dusky with ashy edgings on external webs; two broad white wing-bars; 
outer pair of tail-feathers almost entirely, and succeeding pairs decreasingly white 
on inner webs; middle of breast, belly, and crissum pale yellowish white; bill 
black; feet dark brown. Adult female: Similar, but with less black streaking 
on back, and with black of throat and sides extensively veiled by yellowish skirt- 
ings of feathers. Jmmature: Like female, but with more yellow below, and 
with black of throat still more thoroughly concealed by yellow tips. Length 
4.50-5.40 (114.3-137.2) ; av. of ten Columbus specimens: wing 2.49 (63.2) ; tail 
1.91 (48.5); bill .38 (9.7). 
Recognition Marks.—Medium size; bright yellow of cheeks and forehead 
contrasting, or not, with black of throat. 
Nest, of twigs, bark-strips, grass, moss, and feathers, placed ten to fifty 
feet high in coniferous trees. Eggs, 4, white with creamy or buffy tints, speckled 
and spotted with lilac-gray and rufous-brown, usually gathered in loose wreath 
about larger end. Av. size, .63 x .49 (16. x 12.5). 
General Range.—Eastern North America to the Plains, north to Hudson 
Bay Territory, breeding from Connecticut and northern Illinois northward, and 
south along the Alleghanies to South Carolina. In winter south to Cuba and 
Panama. Accidental in Greenland and Europe. 
Range in Ohio.— Very common spring and fall migrant. A few pairs remain 
to breed in the rare patches of coniferous timber in the northern portion of the 
state. 
IF we are sometimes disposed to envy the ornithological pioneers, Wil- 
son, Audubon, and the rest, because of their unique opportunities for observ- 
ing birds now rare or extinct, we may comfortably reflect upon the fact 
that that most fascinating and distinctively American family, the Mniotiltidae, 
is yearly marshalled before our eyes in a way that was denied the fathers. 
