THE HAIRY WOODPECKER. 343 
headers in the air, returning sharply and producing a loud booming daw-w, 
—whether by the rushing of the air through the wings or across the open 
mouth will perhaps never be determined. 
While the Nighthawk prefers open situations, and is not found much 
in heavily timbered regions, it takes readily to the life of the city, because of 
the abundance of insects there afforded. In Columbus it is a familiar feature, 
hawking fearlessly above High Street, and nesting, as in many other cities, 
upon the tarred and gravelled roofs of flat-topped buildings. During migra- 
tions scores of these birds are sometimes seen moving aloft in loose array, 
and customarily, at this season, silent. Locally they never appear to be so 
abundant as in the West, where I have seen several hundred gathered to 
gyrate in social fashion within the limits of a single pasture. 
The eggs of the Nighthawk are more heavily colored than those of the 
Whippoorwill, as becomes their more exposed situation. ‘The young birds 
place great reliance upon their protective coloration, and even permit the 
fondling of the hand rather than confess the defect of their fancied security. 
No. 149. 
HAIRY WOODPECKER. 
A. O. U. No. 393. Dryobates villosus (Linn.). 
Description Adult male: Above, in general, black,—glossy, at least on 
crown and cervix, dull on tail, fuscous on wings; a narrow, scarlet band on the 
nape; white superciliary and rictal stripes, separated by a black band through 
eye, continuous with nape; a black malar stripe, broadening behind ; white nasal 
tufts; a lengthened white patch on middle of back; wing-coverts spotted with 
white,—a round blotch on the tip of each; wing-quills and primary coverts white- 
spotted on each web, the blotches on the outer webs confluent in bars on the closed 
wing; tail black centrally, the two outer pairs of feathers white on exposed por- 
tions, the third pair white-tipped and tinged with rusty; entire under parts soiled 
white; bill and feet light plumbeous. Adult female: Similar, but without scarlet 
band on hind neck. ‘Young with the crown mostly red or bronzy or even yellow- 
ish” (Coues). Length 8.50-9.50 (215.9-241.3); wing 4.63 (Gao) ise tails 23m 
(S41) bill tere! (87): 
Recognition Marks.—Chewink size; black and white above (male with red 
band on hind neck), and soiled white below; rattling call notes. 
Nest, in a hole excavated in tree, usually in dead portion, unlined. Eggs, 
4-6, white. Av. size, .94 x .73 (23-9 x 18.5). 
General Range.—Northern and middle portions of the United States from 
the Atlantic Coast to the Great Plains. 
Range in Ohio.— Common throughout the State. Resident. 
