APPENDIX 165 



19; southern Wisconsin (twelve years), March 21; Spirit 

 Lake, Iowa, March 10; Heron Lake, Minnesota, March 

 11; central South Dakota (fourteen years), March 16; 

 Larimore, N. D. (twelve years), March 28; Terry, Mont., 

 March 26. The mallard crosses into central Canada early 

 in April, and the average date of arrival at Aweme, Man. 

 (ten years), is April 3 (earliest, March 24, 1905) ; Qu' 

 Appelle, Saskatchewan (six years), April 10 (earliest, 

 March 26, 1905.) The earliest migrants were seen at 

 Fort Resolution May 7, 1860; near Fort Providence, 

 April 27, 1904; Fort Simpson, May 3, 1904; Kowak River, 

 Alaska, May 17, 1899. 



The last one seen in 1892 at Shellmound, Miss., was on 

 April 5 ; in northern Texas one was seen as late as May 

 6, 1889. In central Missouri, where a few remain to 

 breed, the average date when the last migrants are seen is 

 March 28. 



Fall Migration. — In the fall this species returns with the 

 general mass of ducks, and the average date of its arrival 

 at Alexandria, Va., is Sept. 21 (earliest, Aug. 28, 1896) ; it 

 becomes common Oct. 27; at Chicago, 111., Sept. 27; Grin- 

 nell, la., Sept. 17, and in northern Texas Oct. 11. The 

 first one was noted at San Angelo, Tex., Aug. 10, 1883, 

 and at Austin, Tex., Sept. 1, 1893. 



The mallard is one of the moderately hardy ducks and 

 remains in the north until the lakes begin to freeze. Ave- 

 rage dates when the last were seen are : Montreal, Can., 

 Oct. 26 (latest, Nov. 13, 1897) ; Scotch Lake, New Bruns- 

 wick, Nov. 7; Ottawa, Ont. (nine years), Nov. 5 (latest, 

 Nov. 14, 1904) ; Aweme, Man. (eight years), Nov. 12 (lat- 

 est, Nov. 23, 1902) ; Chicago, 111., Nov. 13; English Lake, 

 Indiana, Dec. 9; southern Minnesota (ten years), Nov. 



