WILD LIFE OF ORCHARD AND FIELD 



Second — Winter visitors from the North, irregu- 

 larly present south of the Great Lakes. 



Third — Those whose migrations, although regu- 

 lar, rarely extend north of the Great Lakes in sum- 

 mer or south of the Gulf States and Rio Grande 

 in winter, so that they are always present in some 

 part of the United States. 



Fourth — The true ''birds of passage,'' hastily 

 crossing our territory back and forth between 

 tropic and subarctic regions, and rarely residing 

 within our boundaries. 



As a matter of fact, the extent of migration now 

 varies from the longest possible distance to none 

 at all, and from actuating a whole species to mov- 

 ing only a part of its individuals. In point of num- 

 bers, taking the whole world and all kinds of birds 

 together, long-distance migrants are decidedly in 

 the minority, and they belong almost wholly to 

 the order of highest organization — the Oscines, 

 or vsinging-birds. 



Another remarkable circumstance is that mem- 

 bers of the same family and even of the same genus 

 differ very widely in this matter. We have finches 

 that come and go from the South, and others that 

 come and go from the North, and others that do 

 not come or go at all. Some of our hawks and 



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