58 NOTES ON TEE KURIL ISLANDS. 



(7) Mountains to the north of Bear Bay are 4200 feet high. 



(8) The volcano on the south side of Bear Bay is about 3800 

 feet in elevation, whilst the mountains lying to the eastward of 

 it are about 2200 feet. 



Steam issues from Beritaribi, from two or more of the Hotoko 

 group, Chirip, and from the volcano at the north-east end of the 

 island. The latter was in violent eruption in 1883. A sulphur 

 deposit in the Beritaribi Mountains was worked some years ago, 

 but it has been abandoned. There are several hot springs in 

 different parts of the island. The coast of Yetorup is bold, and 

 there are no off-l^ang dangers even to within half a mile from 

 the beach. 



On the south-east coast the two largest indentations are Roku 

 Bay, near the south-west end, and Hitokapu Ba}^ about the middle 

 of the island. Although the first-named bay is of considerable 

 size, it is not shown on charts. The best anchorage is in its 

 north-eastern corner, but it is open from east to west-south-west. 

 Water can be got here from a small stream falling from the cliffs 

 on to the beach, which is protected from the surf by some rocks 

 and a small rocky point. 



Hitokapu Bay is about G miles deep, and the same in width, 

 the points at entrance lying almost east and west of each other. 

 The western point is low, and forms part of a fairly level expanse 

 of country at the base of the Hitokapu Mountains. Off this point 

 is a reef with kelp growing on and around it. About two miles 

 inside the point is the river and station of Onebets. There are 

 but two houses here, which, however, are not always occupied. 

 Nearer the point is a ^nnall stream where water can be obtained. 

 The western point of the bay is made up of high steep bluffs, with a 

 narrow margin of bouldery beach at their foot. A mile or two inside 

 the land becomes low, with a beach of cobble stones. Around the 

 head of the bay the shore is mostly of fine sand. At the northern 

 extreme of the bay there is the station of Toshimoi, consisting 

 of two or three houses on the banks of a river flowing from a 

 large lake. Trout and salmon are taken in the streams. Cod, 

 halibut, and rock-fish are plentiful in the bay. Numbers of whales 

 frequent this place, and I have counted as many as seventy of 

 these huge creatures in sight at one time here. This bay affords 

 fair shelter from all winds on one side or the other. 



