74 TURDID^. 
64. TuRDUs iLiACUs, Linn. The Redwing. 
" This Thrush is very rare near Tangier. I have only met 
with two^ between November and March — one in 1852^ the 
other in 1864.'^ — Favier. 
The Redwing is rare in the vicinity of Gibraltar in winter, 
and I never recollect seeing it, though Mr. Saunders states that 
it was nearly as abundant as the common Thrush at Malaga 
in the winter of 1867-68. 
65. TuRDUs MERULA, Linn. The Blackbird. 
Moorish. Tchau Tchau [Favier) . Spanish. Mirlo. 
" Resident near Tangier and very plentiful, nesting three 
times a year.^' — Favier. 
I found a nest in Morocco built in a prickly-pear hedge. 
The Blackbird nests at Gibraltar, and is very common in 
Andalucia, more so in the winter months. 
66. TuRDus TORQUATUs, Linn. The Ring-Ouzel. 
Spanish. Chirlo. 
" Is only met with in small flights on passage near Tangier, 
crossing to Europe in March and April, and returning in 
the autumn to pass the winter further south.'^ — Favier. 
I only observed the Ring-Ouzel near Gibraltar on passage 
in the spring, the earliest dates in each year being the 8th of 
April 1868, 20th of March 1870, 9th of Apiii 1871, 12th of 
March 1872, 28th of March 1874. 
67. Petrocossyphus cyanus, Linn. The Blue Rock-Thrush. 
Moorish. Tchau-tchau zerak. Spanish. Solitario. 
Favier states that the Blue Thrush, which is as common in 
suitable localities in Morocco as in Andalucia, is migratory, 
passing north from February to May, and passing south from 
August to September. I never could detect any migration 
on the Spanish side, and consider it one of the very few birds 
which are stationary, not even shifting their ground — though, 
perhaps, in other countries circumstances may cause them to 
migrate. 
Abundantly distributed on all rocky ground, even on 
sea-cliff's, and often seen on house-tops in those towns which 
