166 scolopacidjE. 
notj however, mention the date of its vernal migration, which 
takes place in March, April, and May, the birds being most 
frequently seen during the latter month. The latest recorded 
by me was the 22nd of May. I have also noticed them in 
November and January, but not numerous at any time ; in all 
probability their chief line of migration lies further to the east. 
The Greenshank is a very noisy bird, and sure to attract 
the notice of the ornithologist by its loud whistling cry, 
which, as is well known, consists of three notes. 
The total length is about 13*5 to 14*5 inches; the tarsus 
2*3 inches. 
Future visitors to the neighbourhood of the Straits should 
look out for Totanus stagnatilis, the Marsh- Sandpiper, which 
is best described as a miniature Greenshank of about 9 inches 
in length, the tarsus being 2 inches long. This bird, common 
in the south-eastern part of Europe and in India, probably 
occasionally wanders to the west of Spain. 
229. Totanus fuscus, Leisler. The Spotted or Dusky 
Redshank. 
Favier's notes relative to this species are as follows : — " Fre- 
quents the vicinity of salt marshes near Tangier" during the 
months of September and October /' but the brevity of his 
remarks on most of the Waders and aquatic birds would lead 
one to suspect that Favier, like many other Frenchmen and 
all Spaniards, had a cat-like antipathy to water. 
On the Spanish side of the Straits I never shot a specimen 
of the Dusky Redshank ; but it occasionally occurs in spring 
and autumn. 
This bird is to be distinguished from the common Redshank 
[T. calidris) by its longer tarsus and bill; the latter is also 
more slender at the tip, and the upper mandible is slightly 
hooked at the point. 
The entire length is about 12 inches. 
230. Totanus calidris (Linn.) . The Common Redshank. 
Andalucian. Archibebe. 
Fa\aer states that " this Redshank is very abundant near 
