202 ANATIDiE. 
281. Mareca PENELOPE (Liiin,). The Widgeon, 
Moorish. Bou-kha-saiwa. Spanish. Silboii (Whistler), 
Pato franciscano. 
" This species is the most abundant of all the Ducks near 
Tangier, being found in large flocks throughout the winter 
months. They commence to arrive in August and September, 
and leave during March and April." — Favier. 
Exactly the same may be said of the Widgeon on the 
Spanish side of the Straits, except that I never saw any so 
early as Favier mentions. They commence to arrive early in 
October ; but the greater number do not appear until 
November ; and they are then by far the most common of the 
Anatidce, in some winters swarming in thousands on the 
Laguna de la Janda. Their departure for the north begins 
about the end of March ; but a few linger on throughout the 
whole of April. 
In this species the tail consists of fourteen feathers ; the 
alar speculum is glossy green. 
282. FuLiGULA RUFiNA. The Red-Crested Pochard. 
" This Duck is accidentally met with around Tangier, but 
is a very rare species. I only obtained two — one in 1835, 
the other in 1849.'' — Favier. 
I never met with this Pochard on either side of the Straits, 
and have seen but one specimen said to be Andalucian. A 
more eastern species (frequenting still, deep waters, and seen 
rarely on rivers), it is of more common occurrence in the 
south-east of Spain ; and Lord Lilford mentions it as common 
on the Albufera near Valencia, where it used to breed. 
The adult male is a very handsome bird, having the head 
and upper part of the neck a rich reddish chestnut-colour, 
the feathers at the top forming a distinct comb-shaped crest; 
speculum white ; the bill, legs, and feet are bright vermilion- 
red; irides red. The female has a more sombre-coloured 
dress, and wants the crest, having the cheeks, throat, and sides 
of the neck, as well as the speculum, greijish white ; the soft 
parts reddish brown. 
Total length about 22 inches. 
