92 Faraday on New Electro- Magnetkat Motions, 



as well as the former helix, had poles the same in every 

 respect as to kind as the north and south poles of a mag- 

 net; they took up filings, they made the connecting wire 

 revolve, they attracted and repelled in four parallel positions 

 as is described of common magnets in the first pages of this 

 paper, and filings sprinkled on paper over them, formed curves 

 from one to the other as with magnets ; these lines indicating the 

 direction in which a north or south pole would move about 

 them. 



Now with respect to the accordance which is found between 

 the appearances of a helix or cylinder when in the voltaic 

 circuit, and a cylindrical common magnet, or even a regular 

 square bar magnet ; it is so great, as at first to leave little 

 doubt, that whatever it is that causes the properties of the one, 

 also causes the properties of the other, for the one may be 

 substituted for the other in, I believe, every magnetical experi. 

 ment: and, in the bar magnet, all the effects on a single pole or 

 filings, Sfc, agree with the notion of a circulation, which if the 

 magnet were not solid would pass through its centre, and back 

 on the outside. 



The following, however, are differences between the ap- 

 pearances of a magnet and those of a helix or cylinder: one 

 pole of a magnet attracts the opposite pole of a magnetic 

 needle in all directions and positions ; but when the helix is 

 held along-side the needle nearly parallel to it, and with oppo- 

 site poles together, so that attraction should take place, and 

 then the helix be moved on so that the pole of the needle 

 gradually comes nearer to the middle of the helix, repulsion 

 generally takes place before the pole gets to the middle of the 

 helix, and in a situation where with the magnet it would 

 be attracted. This is probably occasioned by the want of con- 

 tinuity in the sides of the curves or elements of the helix, in 

 consequence of which the unity of action which takes place 

 in the rings into which a magnet may be considered to be 

 divided is interfered with and disturbed. 



Another difference is that the poles, or those spots to which the 

 needle points when perpendicular to the end or sides of a magnet 



