94 Faraday on New Electro- Magnetical Motions, 



not take up so much. With similar helix poles, this attraction 

 does not take place. 



Tlie attempts to make magnets resembling the helix and the 

 flat spirals, have been very unsuccessful. A plate of steel was 

 formed into a cylinder and then magnetized, one end was north 

 all round, the other south; but the outside and the inside had 

 the same properties, and no pole of a needle would have gone 

 up the axis and down the sides, as with the helix, but would 

 have stopped at the dissimilar pole of the needle. Hence it is 

 certain, that the rings of which the cylinder may be supposed to 

 be formed, are not in the same state as those of which the helix 

 was composed. All attempts to magnetize a flat circular plate 

 of steel, so as to have one pole in the centre of one side, and 

 the other pole in the centre of the opposite side, for the purpose 

 of imitating the flat spiral, fig. 15, failed ; nothing but an irre- 

 gular distribution of the: magnetism could be obtained. 



M. Ampere is, I believe, undecided with regard to the size of 

 the currents of electricity that are assumed to exist in magnets, 

 perpendicular to their axis. In one part of his memoirs they 

 are said, I think, to be concentric; but this cannot be the case 

 with those of the cylinder magnet, except two be supposed in 

 opposite directions, the one on the inside, the other on the out- 

 side surface. In another part, I believe, the opinion is advanced 

 that they may be exceedingly small ; and it is, perhaps, possible 

 to explain the case of the most irregular magnet by theoretically 

 bending such small currents in the direction required. 



In the previous attempt to explain some of the electro-magnetic 

 motions, and to shew the relation between electro and other 

 magnets, I have not intended to adopt any theory of the cause 

 of magnetism, nor to oppose any. It appears very probable 

 that in the regular bar magnet, the steel, or iron, is in the 

 same state as the copper wire of the helix magnet; and, per- 

 haps, as M. Ampere supports in his theory, by the same means, 

 namely, currents of electricity ; but still other proofs are want- 

 ing of the presence of a power like electricity than the magnetic 

 effects only. With regard to the opposite sides of the connecting 



