94 Faraday 07i Hydrate ofChlorinf. 



portunity to act on the ammonia, and any portion of chloride 

 of nitrogen that might at first have been formed would be 

 resolved into its elements, and its chlorine be converted into 

 muriatic acid. It was then slightly heated, neutralized by pure 

 nitric acid, precipitated by nitrate of silver, and the chloride 

 of silver obtained and weighed. 



The following is an experiment conducted in this way : 65 

 grains of the pressed crystals were put into the flask, and the 

 ammonia added ; at one time there was a faint smell of chloride 

 of nitrogen for an instant at the mouth of the flask, and a little 

 more ammonia was added. The next day 73.2 grs. of chloride of 

 silver were obtained from the solution, and if this be considered 

 as equivalent to 18 grs. of chlorine, then the 65 grs. of hydrate 

 must have contained 47 grs. of water, or per cent. 

 Chlorine . . . 27.7 

 Water .... 72.3. 



This nearly accords with 10 proportionals of water to 1 of 

 chlorine, and I have chosen it because it gave the largest pro- 

 portion of chlorine of any experiment I made. It is evident 

 that any loss or error either in the drying the crystals, or ia 

 the conversion of the chlorine into muriatic acid by the ammo- 

 nia, would tend to diminish^the proportion of that element, and 

 it is even possible that the above proportion of chlorine is 

 under-rated, but I believe it to be near the truth. The mean of 

 several other experiments gave 



Chlorine . . . 26.3 

 Water .... 73.6, 



NotE. — Since writing the above, Mt. Faraday has succeeded in condensing 

 chlorine into a liquid : for this purpose a portion of the solid and dried hy- 

 drate of chlorine is put into a small bent tube and hermetically sealed ; it is 

 then heated to about 100, and a yellow vapour is formed which condenses 

 into a deep yellow liquid heavier than water, (sp. gr. probably about 1.3). 

 Upon relieving the pressure by breaking the tune, the condensed chlorine 

 instantly assumes its usual state of gas or vapour. 



^Tien perfectly dry chlorine is condensed into a tube by means of a 

 syringe, a portion of it assumes the liquid form under a pressure equal to 

 that of 4 or 5 atmosp'ieres. 



By pntling some muriate of ammonia and sulphuric acid into the oppo- 

 site enrls of a bent glass tube, sealing it hermetically, and then sufiFering 

 the acid to run upon the salt, muriatic acid is generated under sncB 

 pve.ssure as causes it to assume the liquid form ; it is of an orange-colour, 

 lighter than sulphuric acid, and instantly assumes the gaseous state 

 when the pressure is removed. Sir H. Davy has given an account of this 

 experiment to the Royal Society. It is probable that by a similar mode of 

 treatment several other gases may be liquefied. 



