Great Bandana Gallery, Glasgow, 213 



ment to the other under ground through strong copper tubes of 

 small calibre. 



Two valves are attached to each press, one opening a com- 

 munication between the large ■prime-cylinder and the cylinder 

 of the press, the ether between the small prime-cylinder and 

 the press. The function of the first is simply to lift the under- 

 block of the press into contact with the upper-block ; that of 

 the second is to give the requisite compression to the cloth. 

 A third valve is attached to the press, for the purpose of dis- 

 charging the water from its cylinder, when the press is to be 

 relaxed, in order to remove or draw through the cloth. 



From twelve to fourteen pieces of cloth, previously dyed 

 Turkey-red, are stretched over each other, as parallel as pos- 

 sible, by a particular machine. These parallel layers, are then 

 rolled round a wooden cylinder, called by the workmen, a drum. 

 This cylinder is now placed in its proper situation at the back 

 of the press. A portion of the fourteen layers of cloth, equal to 

 the area of the plates, is next drawn through between them, by 

 hooks attached to the two corners of the webs. On opening the 

 valve connected with the eight inch prime-cylinder, the water 

 enters the cylinder of the press, and instantly lifts its lower 

 block, so as to apply the under plate with its cloth, close to the 

 upper one. This valve is then shut, and the other is opened. 

 The pressure of five tons in the one inch prime-cylinder, is now 

 brought to bear on the piston of the press, which is eight inches 

 in diameter. The effective force here will, therefore, be 5 tons 

 X S'"* r= 320 tons ; the areas of cylinders being to each other, 

 as the squares of this respective diameters. The cloth is, there- 

 fore, condensed between the leaden pattern-plates, with a pres- 

 sure of 320 tons. 



The next step, is to admit the blanching or discharging liquor, 

 (aqueous chlorine, obtained by adding sulphuric acid to solution 

 of chloride of lime,) to the cloth. This liquor is contained in a 

 large cistern, in an adjoining house, from which it is run at 

 pleasure into small lead cisterns attached to the presses ; which 

 cisterns have graduated index tubes, for regulating the quantity 



